The three main components of a PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivative) controller are:
- Proportional (P) component: Adjusts the output proportionally to the error, where the error is the difference between the setpoint and the process variable. It addresses the current error.
- Integral (I) component: Accumulates past errors and integrates them over time to eliminate residual steady-state errors. It addresses the accumulation of past errors.
- Derivative (D) component: Predicts future errors by calculating the rate of change of the process error. It addresses potential future trends in the error.
